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Apollonius Dyscolus
Apollonius Dyscolus ((ギリシア語:Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Δύσκολος); fl. 2nd century AD) is considered one of the greatest of the Greek grammarians.
==Life==
He was born at Alexandria, son of Mnesitheus. The dates for his life are not known. His son Aelius Herodianus dedicated a work to Marcus Aurelius, which places Apollonius in the early to middle 2nd century.
Nicknamed , meaning "the Surly or Crabbed or Hard to please", because of his irascible and heavily analytical personality, he lived in the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus Pius. He spent the greater part of his life in his native city of Alexandria, where he died; he is also said to have visited Rome and attracted the attention of Antoninus. He was the founder of scientific grammar, and is styled by Priscian ''grammaticorum princeps'' ("prince of grammarians"). He wrote extensively on the parts of speech. Of twenty books named in the ''Suda'', four are extant: on syntax, ed. J. Lallot, 1997,〔Apollonius Dyscole, ''De la construction'' (syntaxe), vol. 1: Introduction, texte et traduction par Jean Lallot, Paris: Librairie philosophique J. VRIN 1997.〕 and three smaller treatises: on adverbs, on conjunctions, and on pronouns, ed. Richard Schneider, 1878.〔Apollonii Scripta minora a Richardo Schneidero edita, in Grammatici Graeci pars II Vol. I fasc. 1, Lipsiae: in aedibus B.G. Teubneri 1878. The Περὶ ἀντωνυμίας is found on pp. 3-116; Περὶ ἐπιρρημάτων 119-210; and Περὶ συνδέσμων 213-258. The previous edition of the last two treatises was by August Immanuel Bekker in his Anecdota Graeca vol. II (1816) (Περὶ συνδέσμων pp. 477-526, and Περὶ ἐπιρρημάτων pp. 527-625).〕
He and his son Aelius Herodianus had an enormous influence on all later grammarians.
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